Pav Grochola is a Effects Supervisor at Sony Pictures Imageworks (SPI) and was co-effects supervisor on the Oscar winning Spiderman: Into the Spiderverse (along with Ian Farnsworth). He was tasked with solving how to produce natural looking line work for the film. A critical visual component for successfully achieving the comic book illustrative style, in CGI, was the creation of line work or "ink lines". SPI in testing discovered any approach that involves creating ink lines based on procedural "rules" (for example toon shaders) were ineffective in achieving the natural look that was wanted. The fundamental problem is that artists simply do not draw based on limited'rule sets' or guidelines.